During the manufacturing and installation of air compressors and gas storage tanks, as special equipment, daily management must be carried out in accordance with relevant national and departmental safety management inspection regulations. In recent years, safety accidents caused by air compressor explosions have occurred frequently, putting high demands on safety management. Management departments at all levels, from government supervision departments, manufacturing processes, equipment installation and commissioning, and end-use departments, all require safety first. Taking people as the core starting point, paying attention to safety work, solidly carrying out safety management work, fulfilling the responsibilities of departments at all levels, implementing the safety production responsibility system, and protecting the lives of the people. Then, how to achieve safety effectively requires departments at all levels to think about and explore the way to ensure safety. This article puts forward some understandings from the safety management requirements of special equipment for everyone to study and discuss.
1. The basic regulations of special equipment safety inspection
When special equipment for gas storage tanks and pressure vessels leaves the factory, it needs to have factory accessories, design documents required by safety technical specifications, quality certificates, safe use and maintenance certificates, supervision and inspection certificates and other documents, and its installation, transformation and maintenance construction The unit shall transfer the relevant technical data to the user unit within 30 days after acceptance.
2. Safety regulations for the use of special equipment
1. Use registration: Before the special equipment is put into use and within 30 days after use, the user shall register with the special equipment safety supervision and management department of the municipality or community.
2. Special equipment safety technical files: special equipment design documents, manufacturing units, product quality certificates, use and maintenance instructions and other documents, as well as installation technical documents and materials. Records of regular inspections and regular self-inspections of special equipment. Daily use status records of special equipment. Daily maintenance records of special equipment and its safety accessories, safety protection devices, measurement and control devices and related auxiliary instruments. Special equipment operation failure and accident records. Energy efficiency test report of high energy consumption special equipment, energy consumption status record and technical data of energy saving transformation.
3. Special equipment maintenance: Special equipment users should conduct self-inspection and keep records of the special equipment in use at least once a month.
4. Regular inspection and testing: The user should follow the regular inspection requirements of the safety technical specifications, and submit periodic inspection requirements to the special equipment inspection and testing agency one month before the validity period of the qualification, and conduct safety performance inspections and energy efficiency tests.
5. Scrap: Special equipment has serious hidden dangers of accidents, if it has no value of modification or repair, or has exceeded the service life specified in the safety technical specifications, the special equipment user shall promptly scrap it and cancel it with the original registered special equipment safety supervision and management department.
6. Special equipment inspection and testing, supervisory inspection, periodic inspection, type test and non-destructive testing qualifications should be recognized and submitted to the quality and technical supervision department.
3. Three-level education for personnel entering the plant with special equipment for gas storage tanks
Carry out safety training and education on three levels of factories (mines), workshops (work sections, districts, teams), and teams, and conduct safety training on specific employees of special equipment to ensure that they have the knowledge and skills of safe operation and emergency handling at their positions.
1. Plant (mine) level safety training content:
A. Basic knowledge of production.
B. Production regulations and labor discipline.
C. The rights and obligations of personnel in safe production.
D. Accident cases and other accident emergency plan drills and preventive measures.
2. Workshop (work section, district, team) pre-job safety training content:
A. Working environment and risk factors,
B. Occupational injuries and casualties that may be suffered by the air compressor operators.
C. The safety responsibilities, operating skills and mandatory standards of the air compressor operators engaged in.
D. Self-rescue and mutual rescue, first aid methods, evacuation and on-site emergency handling.
E. Use and maintenance of safety equipment and facilities, personal protective equipment.
F. Workshop safety production status and rules and regulations.
G. Measures to prevent accidents and occupational hazards and safety matters that should be paid attention to.
H. In recent years, there have been cases of safety accidents related to air compressor equipment.
3. The content of pre-job safety training at the team level:
A. Post safety operating procedures.
B. Safety and occupational health issues related to work linkage and cooperation between posts.
C. Safety cases related to accidents that have occurred in this post.
D. Other training content, such as the occupational disease hazard factors and types of the job, the distribution of special equipment, and personal protective equipment and other items that should be equipped.
Fourth, the safety precautions for the daily operation and maintenance of the air compressor
1. Compressed air and electricity are dangerous. After ensuring that the power supply has been cut off and the compressed air in the entire compressor system has been emptied, overhaul or maintenance can be performed on the unit. Safety note: Before starting the compressor, turn on the compressor for a very short time (about 1 second). Check the direction of rotation. Make sure that the direction of rotation of the air compressor is correct. Otherwise, it may cause the screw of the air compressor in just a few seconds. Damage to components.
2. Before starting the unit, make sure that all connectors and accessories are tightly locked.
3. When the unit is running, do not loosen, remove any pipeline accessories, joints and devices. The unit is full of high-pressure and high-temperature liquids and gases, which can cause serious personal injury accidents.
4. Safety devices such as air switches and fuses must be installed on the compressor's power supply line. In order to ensure the reliability of electrical equipment, please follow the relevant safety regulations, connect the appropriate grounding wire, and leave the necessary maintenance space around the compressor equipment.
5. The compressor cannot work at a discharge pressure higher than the discharge pressure specified on the nameplate, otherwise the motor will be overloaded and the compressor will stop as a result.
6. Only safe solution can be used to clean the compressor and auxiliary equipment.
7. The safety valve is installed on the base of the oil fine separator. Once the gas pressure in the system exceeds the rated pressure, it will be released through this valve. At the same time, be sure to check the cause of overpressure.
8. Before doing any mechanical maintenance on the compressor, the following preparations must be done; (1) Stop the unit (2) Cut off the power supply and manually cut off the switch to ensure that the compressor is in a power-off state. (3) Ensure that the compressed air of the unit has been vented.
9. As a source of danger, compressed air needs to be repaired or cleaned for pneumatic equipment or in places where compressed air is used. The necessary lockout and tagging must be implemented for isolation and emptying, such as entering the transfer tank, fermentation tank, etc. for internal maintenance or cleaning. Case.
10. Compressed air is very powerful, relying on its pressure, compressed air can wash away small particles of dust. But these dusts are a source of danger, they can rush into people's eyes or chafed skin. The degree of possible damage depends on the size, weight, shape, composition and speed of these blown particles. There have been reports about hearing damage caused by compressed air and high-decibel airflow.
11. It is forbidden to use compressed air to directly blow out any part of the human body at any time.
In short, the goal of safe operation of air compressors and gas storage tanks is achieved through a high degree of unification of people, materials, and systems. It is necessary to strengthen the management work from the concept-leading system, the behavior development system, and the safety and environment system to achieve safe production in essence, so that the enterprise can develop healthily and promote social progress.
